據(jù)世界石油3月30日紐約報道，由于疫情引起的全球需求沖擊，使得原油無處可去，北美主要城市的原油售價不到10美元。

疫情對需求的打擊如此之大，以至于基準(zhǔn)期貨價格跌至18年來的最低水平，整個分銷系統(tǒng)的石油供應(yīng)都在增加，這使得生產(chǎn)商有可能需要關(guān)閉油井。一些受災(zāi)最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)距離出口終端有數(shù)千英里之遙，這為石油出口國外市場或用油輪進(jìn)行浮式儲存提供了可能性。

美國各地的煉油廠，包括PBF能源公司、瓦萊羅能源公司和Phillips 66在內(nèi)的多家公司都在放緩燃料生產(chǎn)，原因是對旅行和工作的限制導(dǎo)致汽油和航空燃油需求減少。受疫情影響，北大西洋煉油有限公司位于加拿大紐芬蘭的日產(chǎn)量13萬桶的煉油廠將停產(chǎn)兩到五個月。

市場在供應(yīng)過剩的壓力下不堪重負(fù)，以至于美國的中游運(yùn)營商，如“平原全美輸油管道公司”，已經(jīng)要求供應(yīng)商減少石油產(chǎn)量，因?yàn)閮Υ婺芰σ呀?jīng)達(dá)到極限。

據(jù)彭博社采集的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，位于懷俄明州根西島的巴肯原油價格周一跌至每桶3.18美元的歷史新低，而位于加拿大艾伯塔省哈迪斯蒂的西部精選石油的價格僅為4.18美元。甚至西德克薩斯的石油也前所未有的的便宜。位于米德蘭的西德克薩斯中質(zhì)原油價格為10.68美元，僅略高于1998年以來的歷史最低水平。質(zhì)量較差的同類產(chǎn)品西德克薩斯高硫原油跌至創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的7.18美元，為1988年以來的最低水平。

交易商表示，西德克薩斯中質(zhì)原油周一的交易價約為每桶7.50美元，低于WTI米德蘭基準(zhǔn)價格。如果算上從井口運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀荆@將意味著極輕質(zhì)原油從地下開采出來時的價值幾乎為零，即使不是負(fù)數(shù)也是如此。

隨著世界各地的煉油廠紛紛放慢生產(chǎn)速度，即便是運(yùn)往碼頭的石油也無法幸免于油價的暴跌。據(jù)交易員稱，科珀斯克里斯蒂港出口的美國原油價格比7月份的布倫特原油低15美元。科珀斯克里斯蒂港是幾條新建二疊紀(jì)輸油管道的終點(diǎn)，也是一個主要的出口中心。

裘寅 編譯自 世界石油

原文如下：

Oil selling below $10/bbl at key American hubs

Oil is selling for less than $10 across key North American hubs as the global demand shock from coronavirus leaves crude with nowhere to go.

The coronavirus pandemic has hit demand so hard that as benchmark futures plunge to lowest in 18 years, oil is backing up throughout the distribution system, raising the prospect that producers will need to shut in wells. Some of the hardest-hit areas have been those thousands of miles from export terminals, which would provide the possibility of escape, either to foreign markets or onto tankers as floating storage.

Refiners across the U.S., including PBF Energy Inc., Valero Energy Corp. and Phillips 66, are slowing fuel production as restrictions on travel and work has reduced gasoline and jet fuel demand to a trickle. North Atlantic Refining Ltd will be idling its 130,000-barrel-a-day refinery in Newfoundland, Canada, for two to five months due to the outbreak.

The market is groaning under the weight of this oversupply so much so that U.S. midstream operators such as Plains All American Pipelines have asked their suppliers to reduce oil production because storage capacity is reaching its limits.

Bakken crude in Guernsey, Wyoming, sank to a record-low $3.18 a barrel Monday, according to data compiled by Bloomberg, while Western Canadian Select in Hardisty, Alberta, was worth just $4.18. Even oil in West Texas is as cheap as it’s ever been. West Texas Intermediate in Midland was $10.68, just above its all-time low from 1998. And it’s lower-quality counterpart, West Texas Sour, slid to a record $7.18, the lowest in data going back to 1988.

West Texas Intermediate Light, also known as WTL, traded at around $7.50 a barrel below the WTI Midland benchmark on Monday, traders said, the equivalent of about $3 a barrel outright. Including transportation costs from the wellhead, that would mean the very light crude is worth near-zero, if not negative, when it comes out of the ground.

Even oil that makes it to a dock isn’t immune from the price plunge, as refineries around the world slow down. U.S. oil for export from Corpus Christi -- the end point of several new Permian pipelines and a major exporting hub -- traded at $15 a barrel below July Brent, according to traders.