據(jù)Oil & Gas Journal網(wǎng)站6月19日消息 美國(guó)石油協(xié)會(huì)（API）最新月度統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)告顯示，5月份美國(guó)石油需求（以國(guó)內(nèi)石油總交付量衡量）為1620萬(wàn)桶/日，比2019年5月的水平低20.0%，但比4月增加了14%（200萬(wàn)桶/日），為1975年12月以來(lái)的最大增幅。

超過(guò)80%的增長(zhǎng)由車(chē)用汽油推動(dòng)，同時(shí)，為了防止疫情傳播，國(guó)內(nèi)訂單逐漸放松。

5月份，以車(chē)用汽油總交付量衡量的消費(fèi)汽油需求為730萬(wàn)桶/日，比4月份增長(zhǎng)了28.9%，為1945年以來(lái)有記錄以來(lái)的最大月度增長(zhǎng)。不過(guò)，汽油需求仍較2019年5月的水平低22.5%，為1986年以來(lái)的當(dāng)月最低水平。

與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)汽車(chē)協(xié)會(huì)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)汽油平均價(jià)格仍然較低，繼4月份下降16.8%（39.1美分/加侖）后，上漲了1.2%（2.3美分/加侖）。

汽油需求的反彈在城鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)似乎一致。4-5月，以城市為主的改型汽油增長(zhǎng)27.3%，以農(nóng)村為主的常規(guī)汽油需求增長(zhǎng)29.7%。

5月份，340萬(wàn)桶/日的蒸餾油交付量與2019年5月相比下降了17%，但比4月份上升了4.8%。與汽油相比，因疫情影響，蒸餾油的需求并沒(méi)有下降那么多，而且隨著州經(jīng)濟(jì)的重新開(kāi)放和貨運(yùn)量的季節(jié)性增長(zhǎng)，5月份的卡車(chē)貨運(yùn)量也逐漸增加。

5月份，煤油噴氣燃料交付量為50萬(wàn)桶/日，較4月份下降20%，較2019年5月下降72.3%，為1967年4月以來(lái)的最低交付量。噴氣燃料是唯一一種主要的精煉產(chǎn)品，由于空中旅行恢復(fù)仍難以捉摸，5月份的交付量有所下降。美國(guó)5月份的定期航班與1月份的每班相比下降了48%。國(guó)際航空運(yùn)輸協(xié)會(huì)（IATA）報(bào)告稱(chēng)，4月份是最殘酷的一個(gè)月，隨著旅客需求蒸發(fā)，預(yù)計(jì)2020年航空公司的財(cái)務(wù)損失將達(dá)到840億美元。

王磊 摘譯自 Oil & Gas Journal

原文如下：

API: US petroleum demand recovered 14% between April and May

US petroleum demand, as measured by total domestic petroleum deliveries, was 16.2 million b/d in May, according to the American Petroleum Institute’s latest monthly statistical report. This was 20.0% below the May 2019 level but reflected an increase of 14% (2 million b/d) from April—the largest percentage increase for any month since December 1975.

More than 80% of the increase was driven by motor gasoline and the gradual loosening of stay-at-home orders to prevent transmission of COVID-19.

Consumer gasoline demand, measured by total motor gasoline deliveries, was 7.3 million b/d in May. This was an increase of 28.9% from April and the largest monthly increase on record since 1945. However, gasoline demand was still 22.5% below its level in May 2019 and at its lowest for the month since 1986.

Meanwhile, US average conventional gasoline prices remained low, rising by 1.2% (2.3￠/gal) following a 16.8% (39.1￠/gal) decrease in April, according to AAA.

The gasoline demand rebound appeared to be consistent across urban and rural areas. Between April and May, reformulated-type gasoline, which is consumed primarily in urban areas, increased by 27.3% m/m, while demand for conventional gasoline that is mainly consumed in rural areas increased by 29.7% m/m.

In May, distillate deliveries of 3.4 million b/d were down 17% compared with May 2019 but up 4.8% from April. Compared with gasoline, distillates demand did not drop as much through COVID-19 and also increased more gradually in May along with a rise in truck freight due to state economies reopening and a seasonal uptick in freight shipping volumes.

Kerosene jet fuel deliveries were 500,000 b/d in May, a decrease of 20% from April and 72.3% versus May 2019 – and the lowest deliveries since April 1967. Jet fuel was the only major refined product with deliveries that fell in May as COVID-19 air travel recovery remained elusive. US scheduled flights in May remained down by 48% compared with January per Flightradar24. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) reported that “April was the cruelest month” and with “evaporated passenger demand” projected airline financial losses of $84 billion in 2020.